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Swap memory

OpenCV needs a lot of memory to compile. The latest versions want to see a minimum of 6.5 GB of memory before building. Your swap space is limited to 2048 MByte by default. To exceed this 2048 MByte limit, you will need to increase this maximum in the /sbin/dphys-swapfile.

https://www.qengineering.eu/install-opencv-4.5-on-raspberry-pi-4.html

sudo nano /sbin/dphys-swapfile
sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile
sudo reboot

Installation script

#!/bin/bash
set -e
echo "Installing OpenCV 4.5.0 on your Raspberry Pi 32-bit OS"
echo "It will take minimal 1.5 hour !"
cd ~
if [ -f /etc/os-release ]; then
    # freedesktop.org and systemd
    . /etc/os-release
    VER=$VERSION_ID
fi
# install the dependencies
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake git unzip pkg-config
sudo apt-get install -y libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libpng-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libgtk2.0-dev libcanberra-gtk* libgtk-3-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libgstreamer1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-gtk3
sudo apt-get install -y libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-gl
sudo apt-get install -y libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
if [ $VER == '11' ]; then
   echo "Detected Bullseye OS"
else
   sudo apt-get install -y python-dev python-numpy python-pip
fi
sudo apt-get install -y python3-dev python3-numpy python3-pip
sudo apt-get install -y libtbb2 libtbb-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libv4l-dev v4l-utils
sudo apt-get install -y libopenblas-dev libatlas-base-dev libblas-dev
sudo apt-get install -y liblapack-dev gfortran libhdf5-dev
sudo apt-get install -y libprotobuf-dev libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev
sudo apt-get install -y protobuf-compiler

# remove old versions
cd ~ 
sudo rm -rf opencv*
# download OpenCV
wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.5.0.zip 
wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.5.0.zip 
# unpack
unzip opencv.zip 
unzip opencv_contrib.zip 
# some administration to make live easier later on
mv opencv-4.5.0 opencv
mv opencv_contrib-4.5.0 opencv_contrib
# clean up the zip files
rm opencv.zip
rm opencv_contrib.zip

# set install dir
cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build

# run cmake
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
-D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
-D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON \
-D WITH_OPENMP=ON \
-D BUILD_ZLIB=ON \
-D BUILD_TIFF=ON \
-D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
-D WITH_TBB=ON \
-D BUILD_TBB=ON \
-D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
-D WITH_EIGEN=OFF \
-D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
-D WITH_V4L=ON \
-D WITH_LIBV4L=ON \
-D WITH_VTK=OFF \
-D WITH_QT=OFF \
-D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON \
-D BUILD_opencv_python3=TRUE \
-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..

# run make
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

# cleaning (frees 300 MB)
make clean
sudo apt-get update

echo "Congratulations!"
echo "You've successfully installed OpenCV 4.5.0 on your Raspberry Pi 32-bit OS"

$ wget https://github.com/Qengineering/Install-OpenCV-Raspberry-Pi-32-bits/raw/main/OpenCV-4-5-0.sh
$ sudo chmod 755 ./OpenCV-4-5-0.sh
$ ./OpenCV-4-5-0.sh

https://www.qengineering.eu/install-opencv-4.5-on-raspberry-pi-4.html

Source:

https://www.qengineering.eu/install-opencv-4.5-on-raspberry-pi-4.html